vt. 把…除外；不计；
prep. 除…外；
conj. [口语]要不是；除非；除…以外；
vi. 反对，表示异议（与 to 或 against连用）；
一、except作为介词
1.除…之外,除了
Everyone is ready except him.除了他,大家都准备好了.
He won't work except when he is pleased.只有在高兴时他才会工作.
二、except作为及物动词
除去,把…除外
except certain names from a list 在名单中除去某些人的名字
except sb from a group 把某人从团体中开除
nobody excepted 无一人例外
present company excepted 在场者除外.
三、except作为不及物动词
1.反对
conj.( 连接词 conjunction )
1.【口】 除外,只有
I would go,except it's too far.我是要去,可是路太远了.
2.【古·圣】 除非
except ye be born again 除非尔等再生.
一、except的用法--"排除式"
except意为"只有……除外;除去……",后跟名词或代词作宾语,强调从整体中除去部分,即except后的部分不包括在整体之内。因此,常和all, everything, no one, nothing等词一起使用。其判别标志是:除去的与保留的是"同类项"。例如:
1. All of them went out for a walk ________ John.
A. besides B. except C. beside D. excepts
2. Everyone is here ________ Xiao Wang and me.
A. except B. besides C. beside D. excepts
析:Key:1. B 2. A。因除去的与保留的是"同类项",且1、2题中有信息词All、Everyone。
二、except for/that的用法--"排除否定式"
except 除后跟名词、代词作宾语外,还可跟介词,也可跟从句。
(1)except for...是"除了因为……;要不是……;除去……一点外"的意思,表示"对一个人或事物,先做一个整体评价,然后再就局部提出一点看法"。即一部分被肯定,另一部分被否定,这就是所谓的"排除否定式"。其判别标志是:除去的与保留的"不是同类项"。例如:
1. It was dark in the city ________ a few weak lights.
A. except for B. except C. besides D. but for
2. Your composition is very good ________ a few spelling mistakes.
A. except that B. except for
C. besides D. beside
析:Key: 1. A 2. B。因为除去的与保留的"不是同类项",故选except for。
(2)except that... 也是"除去……一点外"的意思,但应注意恰当地使用引导词。若从句句意和结构完整,只需用引导词that。例如:
1. The suit fitted him well ________ the color was a little brighter.
A. except for B. except that
C. except when D. besides`
析:Key: B。本题题意为"除色彩艳了一点儿外,这套衣服很适合他",从句the color was a little brighter句意和结构完整,只需用引导词that,故选except that。
2. -Can you tell me all about the earthquake?
-Sorry, I know nothing about it ________ I read in the newspaper.
A. except B. except for
C. except what D. except that
析:Key: C。因从句中read为及物动词,且其后无宾语,故选except what。
3. Mr Green usually goes to work by bus ________ it rains.
A. besides B. except when
C. except what D. beside
析:Key: B。由于it rains为从句,故排除A、D,且rains为不及物动词,不需要宾语,故排除C。except when 意为"除了当……的时候"。
(3)except for与except that有时可互相转换。例如:
1. Your composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.
=Your composition is very good except that there are a few spelling mistakes.
2. The village is very quiet except for some birds singing in the woods.
=The village is very quiet except that there are some birds singing in the woods.
三、besides的用法--"包括式"
besides相当于as well as,意为"除了……以外还有……",即"除去一部分还有另外一部分"的意思,表示besides 后面的部分包括在整体之内。例如:
1. Does John know any other foreign language ________ French.
A. except B. but
C. besides D. beside
析:Key: C。由本题中的信息词"any other foreign language",可知选besides。
(2)except that... 也是"除去……一点外"的意思,但应注意恰当地使用引导词。若从句句意和结构完整,只需用引导词that。例如:
1. The suit fitted him well ________ the color was a little brighter.
A. except for B. except that C. except when D. besides
析:Key: B。本题题意为"除色彩艳了一点儿外,这套衣服很适合他",从句the color was a little brighter句意和结构完整,只需用引导词that,故选except that。
2. -Can you tell me all about the earthquake?
-Sorry, I know nothing about it ________ I read in the newspaper.
A. except B. except for C. except what D. except that
析:Key: C。因从句中read为及物动词,且其后无宾语,故选except what。
3. Mr Green usually goes to work by bus ________ it rains.
A. besides B. except whenC. except what D. beside
析:Key: B。由于it rains为从句,故排除A、D,且rains为不及物动词,不需要宾语,故排除C。except when 意为"除了当……的时候"。
(3)except for与except that有时可互相转换。例如:
1. Your composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes.
=Your composition is very good except that there are a few spelling mistakes.
2. The village is very quiet except for some birds singing in the woods.
=The village is very quiet except that there are some birds singing in the woods.
三、besides的用法--"包括式"
besides相当于as well as,意为"除了……以外还有……",即"除去一部分还有另外一部分"的意思,表示besides 后面的部分包括在整体之内。例如:
1. Does John know any other foreign language ________ French.
A. except B. but C. besides D. beside
析:Key: C。由本题中的信息词"any other foreign language",可知选besides。
1. He hadn't eaten a thing except for one forkful of salad.
除了一餐叉色拉，他什么都没吃。
2. She sipped the wine. Everything was hazy now, except for Nick's face.
她小口地抿着酒。现在一切都变得模糊起来，除了尼克的脸。
3. Except for the remarkably tidy kitchen, the place was a mess.
除了厨房特别干净外，这地方一片狼藉。
4. I sold everything I owned except for my car and my books.
我把我所有的东西都卖掉了，只剩下汽车和书。
5. The snow, except where it drifted, was only calf-deep.
除了吹得堆积起来的地方，雪只有小腿肚深。
6. The Marshall Plan did not include Britain, except peripherally.
马歇尔计划仅在一些无关紧要的环节上把英国包括在内。