adv. 一次,一趟;一倍;曾经;一旦
conj. 一旦…就…;一经;
n. 一次,一回;
once具有副词,连词和名词等用法,名词一般表示一次,一回等意思,而副词和连词的用法比较多,具体如下:
1. 用作副词,表示“一次”,是频度状语,通常放在句末,有时也放在句首。如:
I’ll help you once but then you must do it by yourself. 我只帮你一次,但以后你就得自己做了。
Once he made bold to ask her to accompany him to a party. 有一次他鼓起勇气要求她陪他去参加一个晚会。
表示“曾经”“一度”,是表示不确定时间的副词,通常放在行为动词之前,特殊动词(助动词、情态动词、动词 be)之后,有时也可放在句首。如:
Once there stood an old church on the hill. 山丘上曾经有一座古教堂。
This novel was once very popular but nobody reads it today. 这本小说曾经很受欢迎,但现在没有人读了。
表示“一次”的once还经常与 a, every 等连用。如:
This magazine comes out once a week. 这份杂志每周出一次。
The earth turns on its axis once every 24 hours. 地球每24小时自转一圈。
2. 用作连词,引导时间状语从句,注意从句要用现在时表示将来意义。如:
Once you let him start talking, there was no stopping him. 一旦让他开始讲话,就没法止住他。
Once you have learned Spanish, you will find Italian easy. 一旦你学会西班牙语,你会觉得意大利语容易。
所引导从句的主语若与主句主语一致,有时也可用其省略结构,被省略部分通常(并不总是)包括有动词 be。如:
Once (it is) printed, the book will be very popular. 一旦出版,这本书会大受欢迎。
Once having made a promise, you should keep it. 你一旦许下诺言,就该遵守。
Once (he was) in the examination hall, he forgot about all this. 他一进考场,这一切他都忘了。
3. 比较 at once 与 all at once:前者表示“马上”,后者表示“突然”。如:
If you don’t start at once you’ll be late. 除非你立即动身,否则你就会迟到。
All at once, we heard a loud noise. 猛然间我们听到了一声巨响。
另外,两者都可表示“同时”“一起”。比较:
I can’t do two things at once. 我不能同时做两件事。
Everybody started speaking all at once. 大家同时开始说起来。
1. It had once been the home of a wealthy nobleman.
这里曾是一个有钱贵族的宅邸。
2. We tend to meet up for lunch once a week.
我们往往每周共进一次午餐。
3. He once told an interviewer that he didn't even like rock music.
他曾告诉一位采访者,他甚至都不喜欢摇滚乐。
4. Once wholesale prices are deregulated, consumer prices will also rise.
一旦批发价格放开,零售价格也会随之上涨。
5. He took off at once and headed back to the motel.
他立刻离开,回到汽车旅馆。
6. The car passed over the body twice, once backward and then forward.
那辆车把那人来回轧了两次,先是倒着轧的,再是往前开着轧的。